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As modern vehicles become increasingly technologically advanced, the automotive industry integrates more computers and sensors to enhance situational awareness and improve the overall driving experience. Sam Hollifield, a cybersecurity research technical professional at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, applied his cybersecurity expertise to identify vehicle vulnerabilities and develop technical solutions to safeguard them from potential hacking threats.
Hollifield explained that contemporary automobiles have opportunities to be developed, relying heavily on processing power and computational capabilities to operate efficiently. These vehicles possess intricate networks that store information and manage critical functions for safe and efficient transportation. However, this opportunity comes with unique challenges, particularly concerning cybersecurity.
Cars are ordinary on U.S. roads, and many are left unattended for extended periods, making them tempting targets for hackers seeking to exploit the data-rich, yet often under-protected, information systems on wheels.
Recent media reports have highlighted instances where hackers remotely assumed control of vehicles, posing a safety risk to drivers. In a recent episode of the business podcast, Hollifield shed light on the intricate nature of these automotive networks.
He explained that most vehicles, whether passenger cars or large cargo trucks contain 70 to 80 interconnected computer systems that communicate using a technology known as the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. The CAN bus is instrumental in transmitting information from sensors and drivers to control various aspects of the vehicle. However, it also represents a trove of data that hackers can potentially compromise.
At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Hollifield concentrated his research on developing security technologies for the CAN bus systems in heavy-duty on-road trucks, particularly those that transport radioactive materials.
His focus is cybersecurity for in-vehicle networks and implementing secure solutions for these smart vehicles. He aims to identify vulnerabilities that could jeopardise the safe transport of critical cargo, allowing for real-time monitoring, threat detection, and rapid response measures during transportation.
One of the critical technologies Hollifield and his team are working on to safeguard vehicles against potential threats is the Secure Hijack, Intrusion, and Exploit Layered Detector, or SHIELD. This compact detector unit directly connects to the vehicle to monitor, detect, and potentially prevent intrusions into the CAN bus.
SHIELD is designed to alert the driver, company dispatch, or law enforcement if it detects a cyberattack, triggering a response that ensures the security of high-value cargo.
Under the guidance of mentors Michael Iannacone and Robert Bridges, Hollifield delved into the world of automotive electronics and applied mathematics for cybersecurity. He acquired a deep understanding of the principles governing the security of digital systems, an essential skill for safeguarding vehicles in today’s technology-driven automotive landscape.
Hollifield’s journey into automotive cybersecurity has revealed a valuable perspective on the qualities and skills that can pave the way for success in this dynamic and crucial field. Drawing from his experience, Hollifield emphasised that a strong foundation in programming, statistics, embedded hardware, and automotive systems is paramount for individuals in this domain.
As the automotive industry continues to integrate advanced technologies, cybersecurity experts with a well-rounded skill set and a passion for innovation will play a crucial role in safeguarding vehicles from emerging threats and ensuring the safety of drivers and passengers.
