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Through the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) concept, Indonesia is looking to develop an efficient government system by digitising bureaucracy. The e-government system is an effective means of increasing transparency and expediting government services.
Abdullah Azwar Anas, Minister for Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform (PANRB) indicated that countries with developed digitalisation were able to create an effective government system, which had an impact on the corruption perception index.
He reached this conclusion based on the world’s e-Government Development Index (EGDI), which places Denmark and Finland at the top. The result is consistent with Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index/CPI 2022 ranking, in which Denmark and Finland both receive the highest ratings. The ranking also corresponds to the Rule of Law Index ranking, where Denmark and Finland are at the top.
“This demonstrates that President Jokowi’s current focus on digitisation will play a significant role in lowering the possibilities for corruption. According to President Jokowi’s directive, when Indonesia’s EGDI rises, so will the CPI and Rule of Law Index, “Anas said.
Indonesia’s EGDI would be rated 77th in 2022, with a score of 0.71 on a scale of 0-1. Denmark leads the way with 0.97, while Finland ranks second with 0.95. As a result, President Joko Widodo directed that digitalisation be accelerated to enhance Indonesia’s EGDI while reducing the risk of corruption and increasing the convenience of doing business.
On December 20, 2022, President Joko Widodo signed Presidential Regulation No. 132/2022 concerning SPBE Architecture to digitise the bureaucracy at all levels. The administration continues to accelerate the deployment of the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) to improve public services while avoiding corruption.
“The President’s directions are tough and unambiguous; digitisation of the bureaucracy is required. Digitalisation must be integrated, and the entire digitisation sequence must be interconnected. So that everything is digital, eliminating numerous loopholes and the possibility of abuse,” Anas said.
Every transaction would be more open and responsible because there is no replicated data entering and no need for personal interaction when all services are digital. Digitalisation also allows for public involvement in direct supervision. Because all government service tasks could be controlled publicly, the practice will contribute to preventing corrupt practices.
President Jokowi is concerned with two critical efforts on integrated digitisation, which encompass connections between the government and citizens, the government and the corporate world, and the government and government agencies. This is accomplished not by developing new applications but by refining, strengthening, and integrating existing ones.
The government will first integrate digitalisation in public services (external to the government). Anas considers digital-based public services would be able to close any loopholes for corruption and speed up services.
Second, all components of bureaucratic governance (internal government management) must be integrated digitally to enhance transparent function. Data will also be able to be exchanged between agencies, resulting in interoperability and quicker and more convenient bureaucratic operations. Furthermore, all processes running in the bureaucracy can be seen between agencies. This improves control and monitoring in the event of a slowdown, making the government more agile in serving the people. “The President’s hope that the bureaucracy must have an impact is more clearly felt,” Anas explained.
Currently, all ministries/agencies, including The Coordinating Ministers, related ministries/institutions such as the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Communication and Informatics, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas, BSSN, and BRIN, and with the support of several national BUMNs companies with superior technological capabilities, are accelerating digitalisation work to prevent corruption and accelerate public services. In addition, the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK) is accelerating digitisation to increase ties with state financial responsibility.