Much is needed to address Earth’s drastic climate changes and China is sending a satellite to do an in-depth study toward that end. In time, Chinese scientists will soon have a new space-based tool to advance their research on the atmospheric environment and pollution.
The AES is a 2.6-metric ton satellite and was launched by a Long March 4C carrier rocket recently from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi province. Accordingly, it entered a sun-synchronous orbit 705 kilometres above Earth. The satellite is designed to observe the planet’s health from above. It is the world’s first satellite using laser radar to detect carbon dioxide.
After in-orbit tests, the Atmospheric Environmental Surveyor (AES) satellite will start its monitoring operations and send data to scientists, according to its designers at the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology.
AES shall be focused on studying different key aspects of the planet’s health. It will be used to observe air pollution, greenhouse gases and other environmental elements. By doing so, it will provide data for research on climate change and ecological changes, and will help to forecast agricultural yields and hazards, the designers said.
The spacecraft carries five atmospheric monitoring devices. Researchers at the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences who took part in the development of the scientific payload detailed among these devices are:
- an environmental monitoring instrument
- a directional polarisation camera
- a particle observation scanning polarisation metre
It can also monitor other polluting gases such as nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and formaldehyde. In addition, the craft can conduct quantitative observation of atmospheric particulate pollutants.
The majority of the data obtained by the satellite will be used by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the China Meteorological Administration.
Launching a dedicated satellite to study the environment is timely. It will give China a world-class capability to carry out atmospheric remote-sensing operations to help with the country’s efforts in achieving low-carbon development and reducing pollution, said the China National Space Administration. The administration also said it will launch a satellite dedicated to measuring greenhouse gases in the near future.
Several hours before the launch in Taiyuan, a Long March 3B carrier rocket blasted off from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan province to put the ChinaSat 6D communication satellite into orbit. That satellite, developed by the China Academy of Space Technology, is tasked with transmitting radio and television signals to islands in the South China Sea and small countries in the Pacific Ocean, its designers said.
China has carried out 11 space launches so far this year. The nation’s major space contractors announced at the start of 2022 that they planned to conduct more than 50 launches.
